Transcription
S9086–T8–STM-010/CH-593R4REVISION 4NAVAL SHIPS’ TECHNICAL MANUALCHAPTER 593POLLUTION CONTROLSUPERSEDES CHAPTER 593, REVISION 3, 1 SEPTEMBER 1991DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION ISUNLIMITED.PUBLISHED BY DIRECTION OF COMMANDER, NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND.1 SEP @@@@
S9086–T8–STM-010/CH-593R4Certification SheetTITLE-2
S9086–T8–STM-010/CH-593R4TABLE OF CONTENTSChapter/Paragraph593SECTION 1.PagePOLLUTION CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1INTRODUCTION593-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.1.1 PURPOSE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.1.2 POLICY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.1.2.1 Participation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.1.2.6 Consolidated Hazardous Material Reutilization andManagement Program (CHRIMP) . . . . . . . .593-1.1.2.9 Disposal of Plastics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.1.2.10 Medical Waste. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inventory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1593-1593-1593-1. . . .593-2593-3593-3593-1.2 TERMINOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.2 AEROSOL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.3 AREA COORDINATOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.4 AUTOCLAVE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.5 CENTRIFUGAL DRY SPARK ARRESTER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.6 COLLECTION, HOLDING, AND TRANSFER SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.7 COASTAL TERRITORIAL WATERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.8 COMMINUTOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.9 CONTIGUOUS ZONE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.10 DECIBEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.11 DETERGENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.12 DIVERTER VALVE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.13 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA). . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.14 FOOD WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.15 GRAYWATER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.16 HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.17 INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.18 INLAND WATERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.19 LITIGATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.20 INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTIONOF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.21 MEDICAL WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.22 MICROORGANISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.23 MARINE SANITATION DEVICE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.24 NAVIGABLE WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES. . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.25 NEGATIVE BUOYANCY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.26 NEGATIVE PRESSURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.27 NAVAL SHIPS’ TECHNICAL MANUAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.28 OIL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.29 OIL CONTENT MONITOR (OCM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.30 OIL POLLUTION ABATEMENT (OPA) SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.31 OIL/WATER SEPARATOR (OWS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-1.2.32 OILY WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5593-5593-5i
S9086–T8–STM-010/CH-593R4TABLE OF CONTENTS - 593-1.2.45593-1.2.46SECTION 2.OILY WASTE HOLDING TANK (OWHT). .OILY WASTE TRANSFER (OWT) SYSTEM.OLEOPHILIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PARTS PER MILLION. . . . . . . . . . . . .PLASTIC WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POLISHER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PROHIBITED ZONE. . . . . . . . . . . . . .RESTRICTED WATERS. . . . . . . . . . . . .SEWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SENIOR OFFICER PRESENT AFLOAT. . . .SPECIAL AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .STATUS OF FORCES AGREEMENT. . . . .TRASH AND REFUSE. . . . . . . . . . . . .WASTE OIL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6593-6593-6593-6593-6SOLID WASTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-7593-2.1 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.1 DOMESTIC WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.2 FOOD WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.3 FOREIGN SOURCE GARBAGE. . . . . .593-2.1.4 GARBAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.5 MEDICAL WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.5.1 Infectious Medical Waste. . . .593-2.1.5.2 Non-infectious Medical Waste.593-2.1.6 OPERATIONAL WASTE. . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.7 PULPED GARBAGE. . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.1.8 SPECIAL AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii.593-2.2 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND LEGISLATION . . . .593-2.2.1 MARPOL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.2.2 ACT TO PREVENT POLLUTION FROM SHIPS (APPS).593-2.2.3 OCEAN DUMPING ACT (ODA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.2.4 CLEAN WATER ACT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.2.5 OTHER STATUTES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593-9. 593-9. 593-9. 593-10. 593-10. 593-10593-2.3 NAVY SOLID WASTE POLICY . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.1 SOLID WASTE IN PORT. . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.2 SOLID WASTE AT SEA. . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.2.1 Plastics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.2.2 Garbage (Non-Plastics). . . . . . .593-2.3.2.3 Submarines. . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.2.4 Plastic Discharge Record Keeping.593-2.3.2.5 Special Area Discharge Reports. .593-2.3.3 SHIPS INSTRUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.4 Medical Waste. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.3.5 EMERGENCY DISCHARGE. . . . . . . . . 3-12593-12593-12593-13
S9086–T8–STM-010/CH-593R4TABLE OF CONTENTS - ContinuedChapter/ParagraphPage593-2.4 SHIPBOARD SOLID WASTE PROCESSING EQUIPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.1 COMPACTORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.2 INCINERATORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.2.1 Operational Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3 INCINERATOR OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3.1 Safety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3.2 Preparation for Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3.3 General Operating Instructions and Procedures. . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3.4 MILSPEC Incinerator Operating Instructions and Procedures. . .593-2.4.3.5 Shutting Down (All incinerators). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3.6 Maintenance (All incinerators). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.3.7 Ash disposal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.4 FOOD WASTE DISPOSERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.4.2 Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.4.3 Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.5 FOOD WASTE DISPOSERS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION ANDREPLACEMENT PROGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.5.1 Location and Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.5.2 Dedicated Food Waste Disposal Rooms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.5.3 Crew, Chief Petty Officer, and Wardroom Galleys and Sculleries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.5.4 Flag and Captain Galleys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.6 MODES OF OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.6.1 Underway Operation Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.6.2 In-Port Operation Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.6.3 Instruction Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.7 FOOD WASTE DISPOSERS ON SUBMARINES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8 PLASTICS WASTE PROCESSOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.1 Solid Waste (Plastics) Shredder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.2 Compress Melt Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.3 Instruction Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.3 Closed Loop Cooling Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.4 Heat Sealer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.5 Instruction Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.8.6 Vacuum Heat Sealing Procedure for All Plastics Waste on SmallShips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.9 LARGE AND SMALL PULPERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.9.1 Large Pulpers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.9.1.1Instruction Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.9.2 Small Pulper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.9.2.1Instruction Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.10 METAL/GLASS SHREDDER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-2.4.10.1 Instruction Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93-27593-27593-28593-29593-31593-31593-33SECTION 3.OIL POLLUTION ABATEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593-38593-3.1GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593-38iii
S9086–T8–STM-010/CH-593R4TABLE OF CONTENTS - 1.4593-3.1.5PageMAJOR GOAL. . . . . . . . .SPECIAL AREAS. . . . . . .EMERGENCY SITUATIONS.OILY WASTE SOURCES. . .593-3.1.5.1 Lubricating Oil. .593-3.1.5.2 Fuel. . . . . . . .593-3.1.5.3 Hydraulic Fluids.593-3.1.5.4 Synthetic Fluids. .593-3.1.5.5 References. . . . 93-39593-3.2 OIL POLLUTION ABATEMENT SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1 OBJECTIVES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.1 Typical Shipboard OPA System. . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.2 Oil/Water Separator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.3 Principle of OWS operation. . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.4 Oily Waste Transfer Pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.5 Oil Content Monitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.6 OWHT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.7 WOT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.8 Synthetic Waste Oil Tank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.9 Contaminated Fuel Settling Tank. . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.10 Oily Water Drain Collecting Tank. . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.11 Oily Water Bilge Sump Tank. . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.12 Tank (Liquid) Level Indicator. . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.13 Bilge Level Alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.2.1.14 Deck Discharge Connections/OWTP Piping Risers.593-3.2.1.15 Secondary Treatment Systems (Polisher). . . . . . -45593-3.3 OPA OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.3.1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.3.2 AT-SEA OPERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.3.3 IN-PORT OPERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.3.4 FUELING, DEFUELING, AND INTERNAL FUEL TRANSFER.593-3.3.5 CLEAN BALLAST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-3.3.6 JP-5 RECLAMATION SYSTEMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593-50593-50593-50593-50593-51593-5