Using Quantum Numbers to Describe Electrons

Using Quantum Numbers to Describe Electrons Clouds probable location for electrons Quantum Numbers Four numbers that describe the

shape of the cloud. Described using the variables: n, l, m, s. n = the Principle Quantum Number(Energy Quantum #) Corresponds to periodic tables horizontal row.

n=1 n=2 n=3 n = the Principle Quantum Number(Energy Quantum #)

Higher number, more energy higher number, bigger cloud 2n2 is how many electrons may have that energy l sublevel Found within n

Sublevels s,p,d,f Each orbital can have at most two electrons. s spin Quantum Number s = 1/2 is clockwise (up) s = -1/2 is counter-clockwise (down)

Quantum Number Keep in mind are probabilities of finding electrons in certain places doing certain

things(spin). n = what energy level (1, 2, 3, 4 . . .) l = what sub-level (s, p, d, or f) m = orientation of orbital (s=1; p=3; d=5; f=?) s = which spin (only two possibilities up or down) Pauli Exclusion Principle

No two electrons ever have the same four quantum numbers in the same atom. Just as no two houses have the same address Quantum #s

n - tells the size and energy l - tells the shape m - tells how the shape fits on the x, y, z axes s- tells about spin.