PowerPoint Lecture Slides Prepared by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College CHAPTER 7 The Nervous System PPT-C 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. This ppt: 14 slides Total: 34 slides for 2 hour V. Central Nervous System (CNS) A. Brain 1. Cerebrum 2. Thalamus, 3. Hypothalamus 3. Brain stem
4. Cerebellum 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Parietal lobe 1. Cerebrum Lobes Left cerebral hemisphere Frontal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe Cephalad Caudal (b)
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Brain stem Cerebellum Figure 7.13b 1. Cerebrum a. *Location b. Cerebral Hemispheres c. Cerebral Cortex *Anterior Association Area function *Brocas area function *Visual area: where? *Primary Motor Area: function d. Corpus Callosum 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Corpus Callosum
Primary motor area Premotor area Anterior association area Working memory and judgment Problem solving Language comprehension Brocas area (motor speech) Olfactory area Central sulcus Primary somatic sensory area Gustatory area (taste) Speech/language
(outlined by dashes) Posterior association area Visual area Auditory area (c) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 7.13c 2. Thalamus -Relay Station -Crude Awareness 3. Hypothalamus -*Temperature: function? -*Water: function -Metabolism
Thalamus & Hypothalamus -*Drives: functions? -Emotions -Heart, Lungs, -*Regulates Endocrine system via what gland? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A. Brain 4. Brain Stem a. *Midbrain *Reflexes for what? b. *Pons *Function c. Medulla oblongata Heart rate Blood pressure Breathing vomiting
5. CEREBELLUM 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 5. Items Associated with the Brain a. *Cerebrospinal Fluid: define b. *Meninges: define Dura Mater Arachnoid Mater & Subarachnoid Space Pia Mater Skin of scalp Periosteum Bone of skull Superior sagittal sinus Subdural space Subarachnoid space
(a) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Periosteal Meningeal Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater Arachnoid villus Blood vessel Falx cerebri (in longitudinal fissure only) Occipital lobe Tentorium cerebelli Cerebellum
Arachnoid mater over medulla oblongata (b) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Skull Scalp Superior sagittal sinus Dura mater Transverse sinus Temporal bone Figure 7.17b c. *Ventricles define Lateral ventricle
Septum pellucidum Inferior horn Lateral aperture Anterior horn Interventricular foramen Third ventricle Cerebral aqueduct Fourth ventricle Central canal 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Lateral ventricle Anterior horn Posterior
horn Interventricular foramen Third ventricle Inferior horn Cerebral aqueduct Median aperture Fourth ventricle Lateral aperture Central canal (b) Left lateral view 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 7.18b Central Nervous System B. Spinal Cord from foramen magnum to 2nd lumbar vertebra then as a collection of spinal nerves 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Functions: Relays information between ____ & _____. Sensory Motor Spinal Reflexes: quick response of spinal cord to pain and other stimul. Functions to protect body
part from more damage 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Central process (axon) Cell body Sensory neuron Spinal cord (central nervous system) Ganglion Dendrites Peripheral process (axon) Afferent transmission
Interneuron (association neuron) Peripheral nervous system Receptors Efferent transmission Motor neuron To effectors (muscles and glands) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 7.6 VI. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) PNS = Nerves and ganglia connective tissue
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A. Nerves and their Classification FUNCTIONAL Mixed nerves = Sensory (afferent) nerves = Motor (efferent) nerves = BY LOCATION 1. Cranial Twelve pairs of nerves Most are mixed three are sensory only 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 13.6a Location and function of cranial nerves. Filaments of olfactory nerve (I) Frontal lobe
Olfactory bulb Olfactory tract Optic nerve (II) Optic chiasma Temporal lobe Optic tract Oculomotor nerve (III) Trochlear nerve (IV) Infundibulum Trigeminal nerve (V) Abducens nerve (VI) Cerebellum Medulla oblongata
Facial nerve (VII) Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) Vagus nerve (X) Accessory nerve (XI) Hypoglossal nerve (XII) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. PNS: Cranial Nerves I Olfactory nerve II Optic nerve I II 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. PNS: Cranial Nerves
V Trigeminal nerve: V X Vagus nerve: X 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 2. Spinal Nerves: 31 Paired Spinal Nerves C 1 Cervical nerves Thoracic nerves Lumbar nerves
Sacral nerves 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 T1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
L1 2 3 4 5 (a) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. S1 2 3 4 Superior gluteal Sciatic Nerve: Phrenic Nerve: Inferior gluteal Pudendal Sciatic
Posterior femoral cutaneous Common fibular Tibial Sural (cut) Deep fibular Superficial fibular Plantar branches 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 13.12c The sacral plexus. Gluteus maximus Piriformis Inferior gluteal nerve Common fibular nerve Tibial nerve Pudendal nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve Sciatic nerve Cadaver photo 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
