Lesson 17 Future and Perfect of sum Translating infinitives Latin I Spring 2015 Review of SUM Sum is the to be verb. Weve already learned the present, imperfect, and future tenses of sum Present Tense: SUM text p. 109 Singular
sum es est Plural I am you are he/she/ it is sumus we are estis yall are
sunt they are These are standalone words, not endings. Imperfect Tense: ERAM text p. 181 Singular eram eras erat Plural
I was eramus we were you were eratis yall were he/she/ it was erant they were These are standalone words, not endings. Future Tense of Sum: ERO text p. 127 (1st chart) Singular
ero eris erit Plural I will be you will be he/she/ it will be erimus we will be eritis yall will be
erunt they will be These are standalone words, not endings. Perfect Tense of SUM Like most other verbs, sum also has a perfect tense Remember your perfect tense chart? Finding the Perfect Stem Find the third principal part of the verb.
sum esse fui futurus The perfect stem is the third principal part i. fui -i
= fu- Perfect Tense of Sum: FUI text p. 127 (2nd chart) Singular fui fuisti fuit Plural
I have been,was you have been, were he/she/ it has been, was fuimus we have been, were fuistis yall have been, were fuerunt
they have been, were sum, esse, fui, futurus: to be Drop the i and add the perfect endings like we learned for other verbs. FUI in action! Nauta fui. Fuit servus. etc. I have been (was) a sailor. He has been (was) a
slave. Things to Take Away With You The verb to be has future and perfect tenses. Future tense: ero (already learned in class) Perfect tense: fui (uses perfect tense endings already learned in class) Learn both charts! Perfect Tense of Sum: FUI text p. 127 (2nd chart) Singular
fui fuisti fuit Plural I have been,was you have been, were he/she/ it has been, was fuimus we have been, were
fuistis yall have been, were fuerunt they have been, were sum, esse, fui, futurus: to be Drop the i and add the perfect endings like we learned for other verbs. Lets Practice Forms of Sum FILIUS: Fuistisne, Marce et Anna, semper
servi? MARCUS: Liber fui in patri me. In terr tu, servus sum. ANNA: Fuimus magistri in patri nostr. Nunc, tuam familiam docemus. DOMINUS: Servi, laboravistis multum in famili me. Nunc, servi non estis. Nunc liberi estis. Infinitives p. 128 text An infinitive is a verb with the word to in front of it
to carry, to tell, to love, to hurry Remember: TO infinity (-ive) Using Infinitives In Latin, infinitives are the 2nd principal part of the verb. Infinitives end in re. amo, amare: to love porto, portare: to carry doceo, docere: to teach Using Infinitives Infinitives can be used as subjects. Docere est gratum. To teach is pleasing.
Habere amicos est bonum. To have friends is good. (Its good to have friends.) Using Infinitives Infinitives can be used as objects. Puella pupas portare amat. The girl likes to carry dolls. Cibum parare debet. He ought to prepare food. Things to Take Away With You Infinitives are translated to (verb) Infinitives are the 2nd part of a Latin verb. Latin infinitives are recognized by their re
ending. Time To Practice Infinitives! Habere pecuniam amo. I like to have money. Laudare discipulos debeo. I ought to praise the students. Bonum est habere amicos. It is good to have friends. Aquam portare debemus.We ought to carry water. Puer reginae equum monstrare maturavit.
The boy hurried to show the horse to the queen.
